In the agricultural sector, understanding the impact of warm weather on livestock is crucial for effective farm management. Ivan Holloway, the production animal business manager at VetLife Timaru, sheds light on the distinct ways heat affects cows and sheep, emphasising the importance of careful planning to manage these issues.
For dairy cows, the advent of technology, such as wearables like cow collars that measure rumination rates, has brought increased awareness of heat stress.
Farmers are receiving heat alerts, indicating a need for vigilance as temperatures rise. In some areas of Canterbury, the reliance on centre-pivot irrigators has led to a lack of shade for dairy farms, exacerbating the issue. Cows, with their rumen acting as a fermentation chamber, generate heat, making it difficult for them to dissipate this heat in the absence of shade.
Holloway suggests exploring alternative methods to mitigate heat stress, especially in crowded environments like milking sheds where cows generate significant heat. He cites examples from America, where shower lines under pivots are used to dampen cows, suggesting a similar approach could be beneficial in cow sheds.
The primary recommendation for managing heat stress in livestock is ensuring ample access to drinking water. Sheep, in contrast to cows, generally fare well in dry conditions, provided they have sufficient water and feed. The heat often reduces worm burdens, a common issue in sheep farming.
However, Holloway warns that parasites, while less active in warm periods, continue to accumulate and can pose a significant threat following rain. This rain can lead to the breakdown of dung pats, spreading larvae and increasing the risk of parasite infestation.
Additionally, regions prone to facial eczema need to be particularly vigilant after dry spells followed by rain, as these conditions can create a ‘perfect storm’ for the disease. Another prevalent issue during the summer months in New Zealand is flystrike, affecting 2-10% of the national flock annually.
The Australian green blowfly thrives in hot and humid conditions, making monitoring for flystrike crucial. Preventative measures include dagging and crutching, along with the careful application of preventative chemicals.
In summary, Holloway’s insights highlight the need for proactive and adaptive management strategies to protect livestock during warmer weather. By understanding the specific needs of different livestock and implementing appropriate measures, farmers can effectively safeguard their animals’ health and well-being.
